Head and mantle assemblies for crushers



July 16, 1963 M. M. DORSEY 3,097,803

HEAD AND MANTLE ASSEMBLIES FOR CRUSHERS Filed Aug. 11, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. M52052 #2. oems- 4 July 16, 1963 M. M. DQRSEY 3, ,8

HEAD AND MANTLE ASSEMBLIES FOR CRUSHERS Filed Aug. 11, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INV EN TOR. MEEC'EE M. Doe 65 v,

United States Patent 3,097,803 HEAD AND MANTLE ASSEMBLIES FOR CRUSHERS Mercer M. Dorsey, 461 La Mina Ave., Ajo, Ariz. Filed Aug. 11, 1961, Ser. No. 130,947 4 Claims. (Cl. 241-293) This invention relates to a novel crusher head and man tle assemblies for gyratory and rotary crushers.

In prior crusher head and mantle assemblies having provision for self-adjustment to compensate for Wear between the head and the mantle and stretching of the mantle, such as a screw-threaded connection between the head and the mantle, early wear in the screw threads occurs, as well as breaking, stripping, and galling of the threads and clogging by sand or rock particles, so that the mantle becomes loose, the mantle seat on the head can be damaged, and the zinc or other soft metal backing can work out, and the mantle can be broken, because the clogged or damaged screw threads are incapable of performing their designed mantle tightening function. Further, such self-adjusting screw thread arrangements are operative in only one direction of rotation of the mantle, and do not operate when the mantle, as frequently desired, is rotated in an opposite direction.

The primary object of the present invention is the provision of a generally improved, substantially more efficient and longer-lived assembly of the kind indicated, which eliminates the above outlined disadvantages of prior assemblies, by the provision of interengaged ramps, on the head and the mantle, which act to tighten the mantle on the head, so as to compensate for wear therebetween, in either direction of rotation of the mantle relative to the head.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an assembly of the character indicated above, wherein the ramps are protectively enclosed, so as to exclude the intrusion of sand and rock to the ramps, but wherein the presence of sand or rock between the ramps of-the head and the mantle does not render the ramps inoperative for producing compensating self-adjustments, in either direction of rotation of the mantle.

A further object of the invention is the provision of ramp arrangements of the character indicated above, wherein components of the ramps are readily replaceable when worn.

Other important objects and advantageous features of the invent-ion will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, wherein, for purposes of illustration only, a specific form of the invention is set forth in detail.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a fr-amentary schematic view of a rotary crusher wherein a novel head and mantle assembly is shown in vertical central section;

FIGURE 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary exploded, perspective view of a ramp-equipped rotary stem and locking collar and its associated ramp-equipped locking ring;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section, taken on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 1, showing the removable mountings of individual ramp components;

FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 3, showing another ramp arrangement wherein ramps arranged in rings which are removably secured to the locking collar and the locking ring;

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged side elevation showing ramps of the ramp rings of FIGURE 5 interengaged and keyed to the locking collar and the locking ring; and

FIGURE 7 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section Patented July 16, 1963 taken on the line 7-7 of FIGURE 5, showing a key re moved.

Referring in detail to the drawings, wherein like and related numerals designate like and related parts throughout the several views, and first to FIGURES 1 through 4 thereof, the numeral 10 generally designates a crusher head and mantle assembly of the present invention, shown in place in a rotary crusher C having an upstanding fixed stub-shaft 12 on which is circumposed an eccentric drive sleeve 14 driven from mechanism of the crusher C, in conjunction with intervening inner and outer bearing sleeves 16 and 18, respectively.

The assembly 10 further comprises a frusto-conical head 20 having a central vertical cylindrical recess 22, opening to its lower end, which receives the outer bearing sleeve 18. The head 20 has a flat top 24, which is surrounded by an annular groove 26, which is concentric with the axis of the head 2%). The head 20 is fixedly secured to the underside of a circular locking cap 28, by means of circumferentially spaced bolts 39, which extend down through the cap and are threaded into the head top 24. An axial stem 3-1 is fixed to and rises from the locking cap.

As shown in FIGURE 1, the locking cap 28 is not substantially greater in diameter than the head top 24, and is undercut so as to provide an annular groove 32, which opens to the bottom of the cap and defines a lateral annular shoulder 34, at the top of the cap, the sidewall 36 of the groove 32 being flush with the sidewall 38 of the groove 26 in the upper end of the head 20.

The assembly 10 further comprises a hollow frustoconical mantle 40, the inner surface of whose sidewall 42 is formed with an annular seat 44 which is registered with an annular seat 46, formed in the outer surface of the head 20, in which seats an annular zinc or other suitable material backing 48, is confined. Below the backing 48 the mantle sidewall 42 has an inner surface 50 which bears rotatably upon an exterior surface portion or seat 52 on the head 20.

The mantle 40 has an axial opening, at its upper end, which has an upwardly flared side wall 54, in which opening a locking ring 56 is securably seated. As shown in FIGURE 1, the locking ring 56 has an upwardly flared lower peripheral wall portion 58 which bears conform-ably against the flared side wall 54 of the mantle 40, and a downwardly tapered upper peripheral wall portion 60, which, at its lower end, is fiush with the exterior surface of the mantle. The locking ring 56 is fixed, in suitable manner, to the mantle 40.

As shown in FIGURE 1, the inner side wall of the locking ring 56 has a squared annular groove 62 which opens to the upper end of the locking ring and has a bottom surface 64 spaced upwardly from the lower end of the locking ring. The shoulder 66 on the inner side wall of the locking ring, below the groove 62, bears against the sidewall 36 of the groove 32 of the locking cap 28, with the groove bot-tom surface 64 spaced downwardly from the locking cap shoulder 34. The bottom or lower end of the locking ring 56 is spaced upwardly from the head groove 26, and provides an annular space for interengaged upper and lower ramp rings 68 and 70, which are fixed to the locking cap 28 and the locking ring 56, respectively.

The upper ramp component 68 comprises a plurality of similar triangular ramps 72 having similar downwardly convergent acutely angular ramp faces 74, which intersect in apices 76, and fiat upper surfaces 78. Squared ends '80 on the ramps abut, and the ramps are individually and removably fixed to the underside of the locking cap shoulder 34, by means of countersunk screws 82, extending upwardly through end portions of the ramps and threaded into the shoulder.

The lower ramp component 70 comprises similar triangular ramps 84, preferably similar in number to the locking cap ramps 72, and of similar but inverted shape, and secured individually and removably in place upon the bottom surface 64 of the groove 62 of the locking ring 56, in line with the locking cap ramps 72 by means of countersunk screws 85. The apices 86 of the lower ramps 84 extend above the apices 76 of the upper ramps 72, as shown in FIGURE 4, and the faces of the upper and lower ramps are adapted to bear upon each other, as the mantle is rotated, in either direction, relative to the head. It will 'be understood that, upon development of wear between the mantle and the head and/or upon stretching or spreading of the mantle, due to operation of the crusher C, relative rotation of the mantle and the head causes the related and engaged ramp surfaces of the upper ramps to climb higher on the ramp surfaces of the lower ramps, whereby the mantle is pushed downwardly on the head to the degree necessary to take up all .play between the ramp and the head, and preclude the entrance of sand and rock particles between the head and the mantle, and hence clogging of the ramp arrangement by such particles. Such fine particles as may reach the ramp arrangement do not substantially affect the operation thereof, and an accumulation thereof sufficient to become obstructive is not likely to occur before replacement of the ramp components, due to wear, becomes advisable or necessary. Further, because of the relatively large areas of ramp faces engaged, wear thereon is negligible and useful life substantially longer compared to that encountered in screw thread wear take-up arrangements, and danger of shearing or stripping inherent in screw thread arrangements is substantially nonexistent.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG- URES 5 to 7, the upper and lower ramp components 68 and 76 are in the form of solid rings in which the ramps are formed. The upper and lower ramp rings are fixed in place, on the locking cap 28 and the locking ring 56 by means of dovetail keys 82 and 85 engaged in registered radial dovetail slots 88 and 90, provided in the underside of the locking cap shoulder 34 and the bottom surface 64- of the locking ring groove 62 and related surfaces of the ramp rings.

Although there have been shown and descn'bed herein preferred forms of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily confined thereto and that any change or changes in the structure of and in the relative arrangements of components thereof are contemplated as vbeing within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.

What is claimed is:

1. A crusher head and mantle assembly comprising a 'frusto-co-nical head adapted to be journaled on a gymtory crusher stubshaft, a hollow frusto-conical mantle engaged onto the head, said mantle having a concentric opening in its upper end exposing the upper end of the head and defining a bearing surface, a circular locking cap smaller in diameter than the mantle opening and fixed to the upper end of the head concentric with the mantle opening, said locking cap being formed with a peripheral groove opening to the bottom of the cap, said groove having a top wall spaced from the lower end of the cap and the upper end of the head, a locking ring surrounding the cap and occupying the space between the periphery of the cap and said bearing surface, said locking ring having a peripheral surface bearing against said bearing surface and an inner surface bearing against the periphery of the locking cap, the inner surface of the locking ring being formed with a groove opening to the top of the locking ring and having a bottom wall spaced downwardly from the top wall of the peripheral groove of the cap, said grooves opening to each other, and opposed and interengaged upper and lower ram rings severally fixed to the top wall of the cap groove and the bottom wall of the locking ring groove.

2. A crusher head and mantle assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said ramp rings comprising a plurality of individual triangular ramps in end abutting relationship, and means individually and removably securing the ramps in place.

3. A crusher head and mantle assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said ramp rings is composed of integrally connected triangular ramps, and means removably securing the ring in place.

4. A crusher head and mantle assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said ramp rings is composed of integrally connected triangular ramps, and means removably securing the ring in place, said means comprising registered radial dove-tail slots formed in the locking cap and the locking ring, and dovetail keys engaged in registered slots.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,306,437 Gruender Dec. 29, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS 305,398 Great Britain Feb. 7, 1929 

1. A CRUSHER HEAD AND MANTLE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A FRUSTO-CONICAL HEAD ADAPTED TO THE JOURNALED ON A GYRATORY CRUSHER STUBSHAFT, A HOLLOW FRUSTO-CONICAL MANTLE ENGAGED ONTO THE HEAD, SAID MANTLE HAVING A CONCENTRIC OPENING IN ITS UPPER END EXPOSING THE UPPER END OF THE HEAD AND DEFINING A BEARING SURFACE, A CIRCULAR LOCKING CAP SMALLER IN DIAMETER THAN THE MANTLE OPENING AND FIXED TO THE UPPER END OF THE HEAD CONCENTRIC WITH THE MANTLE OPENING, SAID LOCKING CAP BEING FORMED WITH A PERIPHERAL GROOVE OPENING TO THE BOTTOM OF THE CAP, SAID GROOVE HAVING A TOP WALL SPACED FROM THE LOWER END OF THE CAP AND THE UPPER END OF THE HEAD, A LOCKING RING SURROUNDING THE CAP AND OCCUPYING THE SPACE BETWEEN THE PERIPHERY OF THE CAP AND SAID BEARING SURFACE, SAID LOCKING RING HAVING A PERIPHERAL SURFACE BEARING AGAINST SAID BEARING SURFACE AND AN INNER SURFACE BEARING AGAINST THE PERIPHERY OF THE LOCKING CAP, THE INNER SURFACE OF THE LOCKING RING BEING FORMED WITH A GROOVE OPENING TO THE TOP OF THE LOCKING RING AND HAVING A BOTTOM WALL SPACED DOWNWARDLY FROM THE TOP WALL OF THE PERIPHERAL GROOVE OF THE CAP, SAID GROOVES OPENING TO EACH OTHER, AND OPPOSED AND INTERENGAGED UPPER AND LOWER RAM RINGS SEVERALLY FIXED TO THE TOP WALL OF THE CAP GROOVE AND THE BOTTOM WALL OF THE LOCKING RING GROOVE. 